Trigger

Triggers are special type of stored procedures executed automatically when certain events take place. There are different types of triggers – for update, for insert and for delete. Each trigger is associated with a single database table

Stored Procedure

Stored Procedure is a set of SQL statements stored within a database server and is executed as single entity. Using stored procedures has several advantages over using inline SQL statements, like improved performance and separation of the application logic layer from database layer in n-tier applications

Primary Key

The primary key of a relational table holds a unique value, which identifies each record in the table. It can either be a normal field (column) that is guaranteed to be unique or it can be generated by the database system itself (GUID or Identity field in MS SQL Server for example). Primary keys may be composed of more than 1 field (column) in a table.

Oracle

Oracle is an enterprise relational database management system. Oracle's main rival product MS SQL Server is a low cost alternative offering the same features.

OLE DB

Short for Object Linking and Embedding Data Base. OLE DB is a set of COM-based interfaces that expose data from a range of sources. OLE DB interfaces give applications standardized access to data stored in various information sources like Relational Database Management Systems (MS SQL Server, Oracle, MySQL), small personal databases like MS Access, productivity tools like spreadsheets; plain text files, etc. These interfaces support the amount of DBMS functionality appropriate to the data store, allowing the data store to share its data.

ODBC

Short for Open DataBase Connectivity, a standard database access technology developed by Microsoft Corporation. The purpose of ODBC is to allow accessing any DBMS (DataBase Management System) from any application (as long as the application and the database are ODBC compliant), regardless of which DBMS is managing the data. ODBC achieves this by using a middle layer, called a database driver, between an application and the DBMS. The purpose of this layer is to transform the application's data queries into commands that the DBMS understands. As we said earlier, both the application and the DBMS must be ODBC compliant meaning, the application must be capable of sending ODBC commands and the DBMS must be capable of responding back to them.

Normalization

Normalization is the process of organizing data to minimize redundancy and remove ambiguity. Normalization involves separating a database into tables and defining relationships between the tables. There are three main stages of normalization called normal forms. Each one of those stages increases the level of normalization. The 3 main normal forms are as follows:
First Normal Form (1NF): Each field in a table must contain different information.
Second Normal Form (2NF): All attributes that are not dependent upon the primary key in a database table must be eliminated.
Third Normal Form (3NF): No duplicate information is permitted. So, for example, if two tables both require a common field, this common field information should be separated into a different table.